{"id":"W4387643059","doi":"10.1016/j.msard.2023.105060","title":"Does multilingualism act as a protective factor (cognitive reserve) against cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis?: A retrospective cohort study","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders","topic":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"London Health Sciences Centre; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Retrospective cohort study; Cohort; Dementia; Cognition; Cognitive reserve; Multiple sclerosis; Audiology; Risk factor; Cohort study; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Disease; Pediatrics; Physical therapy; Psychiatry; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001633652,0.001087711,0.001739298,0.00133621,0.001089783,0.0001790675,0.0003102671,0.0005610047,0.0001581113],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0105439,0.000761107,0.0004926603,0.002719331,0.0009904902,0.000468468,0.000795947,0.00184883,0.0001771173],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008147912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003391388,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02246376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0303609,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9918749,0.0008853389,0.001350927,0.002407897,0.001723715,0.001757225],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9953615,0.002046498,0.0004327555,0.0006488144,0.0008350731,0.0006753238],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003324603,0.00344373,0.9359498,0.0001558329,0.00197429,0.00009318687,0.02670399,0.00003836277,0.005009902,0.000001126235,0.00008879428,0.0232164],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03146672,0.001966303,0.90585,0.002296553,0.0002457589,0.000002828352,0.05004751,0.005938352,0.001212593,0.00004943783,0.00003192934,0.0008920336],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9774399,0.0004537817,0.000008379963,0.00103706,0.0003549304,0.01880382,0.0005904982,0.0006853768,0.0006262941],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.988104,0.006212418,0.00003773187,0.0001386203,0.00008676041,0.004451787,0.0002785963,0.0002099214,0.000480198],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03009979,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999484,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0532114915356026,"score_gpt":0.3083231252297077,"score_spread":0.2551116336941051,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}