{"id":"W4387663120","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4604031","title":"Trend Breaks and the Persistence of Closed-End Fund Discounts","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"State Capitalism and Financial Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Persistence (discontinuity); Economics; Business; Closed-end fund; Monetary economics; Financial economics; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003133825,0.0001391256,0.0005751796,0.001376383,0.0006118264,0.003809683,0.0008078164,0.00159237,0.006967566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04527324,0.0003400879,0.0003897034,0.001560508,0.001188369,0.003181635,0.001024764,0.002815332,0.0006195194],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009929205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003388055,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003969809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003643838,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999385,0.00008009754,0.00006268392,0.0002180803,0.0001353549,0.0001188067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9657699,0.01494878,0.01399655,0.002293766,0.001568093,0.001422915],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001660571,0.0003072987,0.675165,0.000210668,0.0004527125,0.001177518,0.004084392,0.02333761,0.005118438,0.1819684,0.008518612,0.09799864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008407316,0.0002511822,0.7515665,0.00009911182,0.0001979364,0.0005577625,0.002167347,0.05091818,0.001484184,0.184061,0.008489826,0.0001228647],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9889403,0.0007713255,0.003387608,0.001125438,0.00004018006,0.000007745017,0.0005887403,0.00006393035,0.005074705],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986537,0.0001485704,0.000135972,0.00002044668,0.00002884835,0.000001829528,0.0001515654,0.00001051068,0.0008487469],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006967566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02330887,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02512212638901378,"score_gpt":0.2298574343230761,"score_spread":0.2047353079340624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}