{"id":"W4387723227","doi":"10.1093/hebz/9780198844808.003.0016","title":"Pricing and Costs","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Accounting","topic":"Financial Reporting and Valuation Research","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Activity-based costing; CITES; Margin (machine learning); Transfer pricing; Target costing; Product (mathematics); Variable pricing; Economics; Rational pricing; Microeconomics; Pricing schedule; Business; Industrial organization; Financial economics; Computer science; Mathematics; Accounting; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008018956,0.0008813517,0.0005253347,0.001482194,0.001571795,0.008695961,0.001010752,0.002284751,0.08182067],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004460352,0.0003677094,0.0004488812,0.002318707,0.002671042,0.007695192,0.001956035,0.003242426,0.01821059],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003773049,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002112936,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003140158,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002671005,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981424,0.0002892365,0.00006358073,0.0002168882,0.001137526,0.0001504292],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990213,0.0004064219,0.0000725464,0.0001269772,0.0003030601,0.00006964455],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009811022,0.00001560086,0.000103496,0.0001135199,0.000004653509,0.00004897326,0.0001743795,0.0005860329,0.0001001881,0.8691078,0.06043527,0.06930021],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002780224,0.00001273761,0.0002560222,0.0002880541,0.000003752466,0.0002057812,0.0001771901,0.0002986376,0.0001081838,0.1669306,0.831705,0.000011244],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.001782941,0.03332597,0.01003723,0.009890267,0.002198692,0.00006667381,0.0002746857,0.0001359111,0.9422876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.08390288,0.06918956,0.01077745,0.005485038,0.003293841,0.0001558611,0.0006488803,0.0004491111,0.8260974],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08182067,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2737174,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04799256748272156,"score_gpt":0.2717032543562904,"score_spread":0.2237106868735689,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}