{"id":"W4387742095","doi":"10.46690/capi.2023.11.02","title":"Imbibition behaviors in shale nanoporous media from pore-scale perspectives","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Capillarity","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Imbibition; Nanoporous; Materials science; Porous medium; Oil shale; Slip (aerodynamics); Petroleum engineering; Saturation (graph theory); Chemical engineering; Geotechnical engineering; Composite material; Porosity; Nanotechnology; Geology; Thermodynamics; Physics; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001016443,0.0001434831,0.0001105799,0.0002743231,0.0001749696,0.0001886907,0.0002117119,0.0001958475,0.0005523792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002736732,0.0001124768,0.0001765888,0.0001469816,0.0001970724,0.0005770956,0.0001492659,0.000166273,0.00008972056],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000371826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001686838,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002243873,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002263365,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999565,0.000002735,0.000002534024,0.00001011839,0.00001537483,0.00001282611],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998833,0.00005079692,0.00002686326,0.000007705897,0.00002081716,0.00001050914],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000833111,0.00002525343,0.002402636,0.0001193565,0.00001208605,0.0001351511,0.0001183491,0.01808157,0.9736221,0.001041236,0.00006987633,0.004289057],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008448936,0.0001448784,0.00832558,0.000008885649,0.00001589472,0.00007075395,0.0001232059,0.1917734,0.7981923,0.000367755,0.0009429471,0.00002592344],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952871,0.0002980505,0.003446152,0.0000207405,0.000003851057,0.000007363332,0.0001253665,0.0000674378,0.0007440557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983068,0.0001468758,0.001280177,0.000004297278,0.000001170229,0.000006900294,0.00005297589,0.000004974984,0.0001959419],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002243873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004461646,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008407321670688766,"score_gpt":0.2229126788607897,"score_spread":0.214505357190101,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}