{"id":"W4387802608","doi":"10.1093/cjres/rsad034","title":"Relational hinterlands in the USA have become disconnected from major global centres","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society","topic":"Regional Economics and Spatial Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Disadvantaged; Global city; Economic geography; Disinvestment; Investment (military); Geography; Economic growth; Regional science; Business; Political science; Foreign direct investment; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006845919,0.0001457351,0.0004614078,0.0001202042,0.0001728045,0.0001321578,0.0002803858,0.0001038862,0.00006763582],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005011071,0.0001228132,0.0004856952,0.0002581389,0.0001245171,0.0003544905,0.00005530081,0.000234301,0.00005795104],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001434553,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004351446,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009192206,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006182992,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986368,0.00003193367,0.000826493,0.0002421735,0.00003815485,0.0002244505],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988497,0.0002317179,0.0005985716,0.0001829614,0.00004232881,0.00009468609],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001862877,0.00004734233,0.5884953,0.000006795618,0.0003032138,0.00001764925,0.0009049683,0.0003230771,7.840777e-7,0.3847904,0.02490986,0.0001820413],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001246593,0.00005864917,0.8535704,0.00002841205,0.00003698097,0.00005014132,0.002025054,0.01272417,0.000001433934,0.05444821,0.07556421,0.0002457726],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9781273,0.001141568,0.001595698,0.01379349,0.00020543,0.00008901053,0.0002697775,0.000006770972,0.00477096],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996247,0.001977061,0.0001742302,0.000765828,0.0002839688,0.000005803203,0.00006205076,0.000008370364,0.0004756741],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3303422,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5008177,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03697464457936757,"score_gpt":0.2310830326457102,"score_spread":0.1941083880663426,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}