{"id":"W4387807484","doi":"10.1016/j.electstud.2023.102711","title":"Populism in Canada: Something old, something new","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Electoral Studies","topic":"Populism, Right-Wing Movements","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Populism; Psychological nativism; Political science; Political economy; Distrust; Authoritarianism; Politics; Parliament; Public opinion; Public administration; Democracy; Law; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003416461,0.0003482733,0.0008951037,0.004637305,0.02161282,0.009288671,0.002277651,0.003423054,0.01064032],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009008791,0.000289641,0.0004171004,0.01302995,0.01283511,0.004141293,0.003748738,0.005066924,0.0003673711],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.1183849,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.2094071,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9969273,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9985396,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9947025,0.0004440385,0.00008165446,0.0002838224,0.001231328,0.003256611],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9923867,0.001291675,0.0004956825,0.0002173143,0.003018079,0.002590538],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002785298,0.000230272,0.1807762,0.0008636844,0.0002007319,0.0007299141,0.1136499,0.000691589,0.000481937,0.367675,0.1901435,0.1442788],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005419366,0.00006138359,0.3301138,0.001281357,0.000108439,0.0001670411,0.2746397,0.0008331191,0.0004978868,0.02037852,0.3716555,0.0002091588],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5157531,0.03769399,0.0004040856,0.3323502,0.001120388,0.0000540253,0.001867892,0.00004290088,0.1107134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9618193,0.008703158,0.0002075519,0.01255776,0.0003017335,0.00002140532,0.0002955573,0.00003078125,0.01606279],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1183849,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8589463,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1196920956341533,"score_gpt":0.3881934807500114,"score_spread":0.2685013851158581,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}