{"id":"W4387823012","doi":"10.3390/ani13203280","title":"Assessment of the Effects of Commercial or Locally Engineered Biochars Produced from Different Biomass Sources and Differing in Their Physical and Chemical Properties on Rumen Fermentation and Methane Production In Vitro","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Animals","topic":"Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","keywords":"Biochar; Rumen; Chemistry; Fermentation; Propionate; Monensin; Methanogenesis; Methane; Biomass (ecology); Anaerobic digestion; Moisture; Food science; Agronomy; Pyrolysis; Biochemistry; Biology; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006117765,0.00008151166,0.0001948492,0.00001979304,0.00002115689,0.000007063129,0.00003935071,0.00002980198,5.96212e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006012886,0.00002677143,0.00001556284,0.0001387374,0.00008862741,0.00002796761,0.00005799045,0.00004559509,5.65207e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008545795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002397146,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001118981,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002971829,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994597,0.00008823623,0.000116464,0.0001794138,0.00006758532,0.00008853419],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997406,0.0001597786,0.00004654723,0.00002495192,0.00001089988,0.00001723835],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002316413,0.0001333904,0.02194258,0.00006531113,0.000006139643,3.028017e-7,0.0003089771,3.450836e-7,0.9718537,0.00001006017,9.540045e-7,0.005446633],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001517866,0.000185759,0.5014498,0.00006638587,0.000002498141,1.984355e-7,0.0001200357,0.00006551303,0.497856,0.00007408373,3.384593e-7,0.00002764143],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989398,0.00005639838,7.438081e-8,0.0006198061,0.00002315606,0.0003390407,0.00001234124,0.000008339671,0.000001017359],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998423,0.0000629362,0.000004021723,0.00001100554,0.00003203802,0.00003399836,0.00001060066,8.427224e-7,0.000002215176],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4795072,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1091707,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02470659163673922,"score_gpt":0.2454537535702387,"score_spread":0.2207471619334995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}