{"id":"W4387881616","doi":"10.1002/ece3.10621","title":"The nature of science: The fundamental role of natural history in ecology, evolution, conservation, and education","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Ecology and Evolution","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; McGill University; University of Toronto; Dalhousie University; Royal Ontario Museum; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Natural history; Natural (archaeology); Curriculum; Ecology; History of science; Environmental ethics; Sociology; Engineering ethics; Social science; Epistemology; History; Biology; Engineering; Archaeology; Pedagogy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008831266,0.000124332,0.0002882351,0.00009935506,0.0003463121,0.000007507991,0.0002332178,0.0002631137,0.0002993716],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002620867,0.00008028195,0.00004982552,0.0004744164,0.003614669,0.0001162446,0.0002077175,0.0003324643,0.00002869543],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002486759,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003709552,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003003666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004882535,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998898,0.0001524526,0.0003506346,0.0002464494,0.0001500438,0.0002023831],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991893,0.0002409466,0.0003361769,0.0001633116,0.00003961933,0.00003065939],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008553067,0.0005421866,0.5897437,0.002513143,0.0001305229,0.000001316584,0.001641038,0.000004438617,0.0003478887,0.2160927,0.1036974,0.08520008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007207082,0.00002932569,0.6520387,0.00008605508,0.00004154646,0.00001315152,0.001532837,0.00002548841,6.473209e-7,0.001144909,0.3449501,0.00006511447],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.09625128,0.9009141,1.71397e-7,0.0003281665,0.001023797,0.0004528275,0.00002495899,0.000009620499,0.0009951086],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.234081,0.7650499,0.00000401695,0.00007511631,0.00002760131,0.00009953406,0.00005734875,0.000006985919,0.0005984422],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2412527,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990969,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01809524667472723,"score_gpt":0.2795696072176449,"score_spread":0.2614743605429177,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}