{"id":"W4387884480","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4609858","title":"AI Adoption in America: Who, What, and Where","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Impact of AI and Big Data on Business and Society","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Business; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004143815,0.0001066954,0.0002110851,0.0002394866,0.0002161175,0.00080346,0.0003213028,0.00007299746,0.00005210872],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002355378,0.0000728133,0.00007762395,0.001266376,0.00006522702,0.001709216,0.0000757123,0.0009355405,0.0001297243],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001635059,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006287049,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007737839,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005386266,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973715,0.0001021492,0.0003414496,0.0002219785,0.0006600668,0.001302879],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999359,0.0001311491,0.0001312878,0.0001696042,0.000125387,0.00008364019],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005010786,0.00004568048,0.02294056,0.000004623929,0.00002947397,0.00001745062,0.0009624114,0.00008684169,0.0001190225,0.01403055,0.0153721,0.9463412],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001583142,0.0004676441,0.1655899,0.0001583373,0.00001701184,0.0003882457,0.07170586,0.003222103,0.00001406142,0.6279313,0.1284803,0.0004421567],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9534245,0.007228068,0.004537825,0.03400571,0.0004662248,0.00009140449,0.000005697339,0.00003625835,0.0002042868],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8988374,0.09767881,0.00002343704,0.0008177687,0.0001928967,0.000001726079,0.000004738859,0.000009292252,0.002433882],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.945899,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7747783,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04503208456623845,"score_gpt":0.3530862371175185,"score_spread":0.30805415255128,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}