{"id":"W4387884480","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4609858","title":"AI Adoption in America: Who, What, and Where","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Impact of AI and Big Data on Business and Society","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Business; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003145966,0.0002147374,0.0003498291,0.002239277,0.001679662,0.005572657,0.0006518643,0.001767613,0.007136844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009665131,0.0002000852,0.0003362367,0.005244078,0.003899089,0.006298315,0.001989855,0.004615654,0.0007017998],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0054069,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007367788,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1185174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1717436,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976859,0.0006679203,0.00008927227,0.0002606095,0.0004897321,0.0008064886],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9840233,0.005302967,0.002637663,0.0003549714,0.003802792,0.003878247],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004033489,0.000912633,0.392453,0.0008549211,0.0001637138,0.0005002825,0.02828634,0.000355056,0.0008043581,0.05958358,0.138647,0.3770357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004191307,0.0001549083,0.6354038,0.002210607,0.0001312787,0.0002795501,0.1232933,0.001138201,0.0007909061,0.02256362,0.2138845,0.0001074208],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4108672,0.03987231,0.0007254955,0.4879895,0.001025153,0.00003284997,0.001059409,0.00005432589,0.05837374],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9487715,0.0254911,0.0002892802,0.01991189,0.0006694231,0.00001883223,0.0003370195,0.00003875091,0.004472196],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1185174,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2356552,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04503208456623845,"score_gpt":0.3530862371175185,"score_spread":0.30805415255128,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}