{"id":"W4387933959","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2023.2256285","title":"Comparisons Only Yield Valid Mutual Learnings If Based on Accurate Descriptions of the Comparators","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"The American Journal of Bioethics","topic":"Comparative and International Law Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Yield (engineering); Comparator; Psychology; Statistics; Computer science; Mathematics; Econometrics; Engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001809249,0.0002334531,0.0007008463,0.0001836137,0.000952117,0.00009664037,0.001438513,0.0001442035,0.00006510899],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001216249,0.000134002,0.0005107433,0.0008050292,0.005853498,0.00007519074,0.0001173555,0.003695725,0.00004537532],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015423,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001069555,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003124833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001213105,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9957665,0.001585091,0.0006567137,0.0001633082,0.001514561,0.0003137845],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9916012,0.00479998,0.002395105,0.0002960991,0.0008501022,0.00005755696],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008097902,0.00004704477,0.001589301,0.000008678515,0.0002610576,0.00001020981,0.006815966,0.001020301,0.00001597775,0.005142658,0.9848258,0.0001819525],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001374719,0.0006269353,0.004347734,0.0004382587,0.0001847303,0.000005852964,0.01320275,0.0002433109,0.00006304857,0.0004741049,0.9800593,0.0002165029],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0378192,0.00008216785,0.0004078235,0.9553164,0.0015866,0.0001964154,0.00009648213,0.00002496506,0.004469986],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8414098,0.0002385588,0.00009760644,0.1539442,0.002058037,0.000004131237,0.000005169078,0.00002872577,0.002213786],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8035906,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986028,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2229217439502452,"score_gpt":0.4146133225922669,"score_spread":0.1916915786420217,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}