{"id":"W4388044549","doi":"10.5539/elt.v16n11p83","title":"Actual Usage of Machine Translation by Japanese University Students and Verification of Test Results","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"English Language Teaching","topic":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Active listening; Psychology; Task (project management); Mathematics education; Machine translation; Test (biology); Reading (process); Sample (material); Statistical analysis; Process (computing); Computer science; Natural language processing; Linguistics; Statistics; Communication","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004110031,0.0003860395,0.000407516,0.001156063,0.0008181203,0.001211117,0.0004661117,0.0006409947,0.001885467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02486555,0.0002112322,0.0003084392,0.001082915,0.0006602203,0.0007304105,0.0008121433,0.0004637236,0.00126674],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004461461,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005350477,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002475315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003465677,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954544,0.002039731,0.0006184733,0.0005212908,0.0009269761,0.0004390006],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.978912,0.007705082,0.003279219,0.001729051,0.006896082,0.001478521],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006399239,0.001069276,0.8425311,0.0001944121,0.00004737904,0.001137319,0.03222451,0.000385776,0.01928164,0.0001557345,0.0009951836,0.1013379],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002713035,0.002254376,0.9318545,0.00006534273,0.00009137138,0.001956808,0.03143161,0.003537598,0.0223418,0.0001296387,0.006189515,0.0001204107],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987258,0.0000465863,0.0003440095,0.00003218334,0.000006164091,0.00001127869,0.0000374465,0.00002438259,0.0007721341],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981578,0.00006064273,0.0007732719,0.00002922688,0.000007759019,0.00002413883,0.00009054356,0.00001331396,0.0008432966],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004110031,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02173615,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01159713686303924,"score_gpt":0.2719583308277018,"score_spread":0.2603611939646626,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}