{"id":"W4388120252","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4592312","title":"Large-Scale Carbon Dioxide Removal Under the Paris Agreement: Towards a Principled Approach","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Balsillie School of International Affairs; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Carbon dioxide; Scale (ratio); Environmental science; Geography; Cartography; Ecology; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01522702,0.001312205,0.001911441,0.001215005,0.003371364,0.00868459,0.004969985,0.01064173,0.006409968],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01374891,0.001060887,0.002216181,0.0009430329,0.01008825,0.009235556,0.009797763,0.01007834,0.0008973313],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005076298,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01085252,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004872052,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005662493,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9909903,0.003319607,0.0002438125,0.001745892,0.002709562,0.0009908498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9941996,0.00281266,0.0004611376,0.001221796,0.0009028855,0.0004018774],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003213561,0.00005885972,0.000179669,0.00005873547,0.00003969358,0.00009033876,0.00008668627,0.01244153,0.0002059894,0.9797601,0.002814126,0.00423219],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002563576,0.00001555853,0.0001634853,0.00003065894,0.000006700754,0.00001883362,0.00005092095,0.008231727,0.0001454823,0.9873761,0.00391824,0.00001667701],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0434585,0.002285162,0.5426741,0.09630525,0.001870863,0.0008328051,0.0004855822,0.0006788149,0.3114089],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8817821,0.001104054,0.08733963,0.007080926,0.001489103,0.0009302568,0.0001228474,0.0002146048,0.0199365],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01522702,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08052915,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04974981176170407,"score_gpt":0.2508650225300333,"score_spread":0.2011152107683293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}