{"id":"W4388399740","doi":"10.5539/hes.v13n4p136","title":"Doing a PhD in a Low-Income Country: Motivations and Prospects","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Doctoral Education Challenges and Solutions","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Uppsala Universitet","keywords":"Scholarship; Context (archaeology); Institution; Developing country; Sociology; Low income; Public relations; Psychology; Political science; Economic growth; Economics; Social science; Socioeconomics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003141627,0.0001235716,0.0002112696,0.0002895685,0.0007584615,0.00001443673,0.00006541205,0.00007628247,0.0001952516],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009929952,0.000111863,0.00001922726,0.001033832,0.00007812381,0.0001663141,0.00009337298,0.0002461489,0.0003360038],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002516335,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000422658,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001987331,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003296187,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987864,0.0001190488,0.0003587638,0.0002562836,0.0001448523,0.000334628],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988934,0.0004183433,0.0001145728,0.0001857635,0.0003079677,0.00007995128],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001202238,0.0003354096,0.5807898,0.0009242497,0.00008316994,0.000001360099,0.03726609,0.00002420243,0.00003736673,0.2756532,0.1042775,0.000595596],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002425885,0.000009574105,0.7580541,0.0004120572,0.000009124897,2.735965e-7,0.03189848,0.000008338441,5.772607e-7,0.002397801,0.2068618,0.0001052505],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9626384,0.004203485,0.000003693056,0.01883234,0.004246299,0.0006374771,0.00001336026,0.0002236648,0.009201282],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.963248,0.001687445,0.0002682417,0.0008748671,0.0005545811,0.001247001,0.00003061118,0.0000195749,0.03206968],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2732554,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5833549,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2344079093232938,"score_gpt":0.5431640352810413,"score_spread":0.3087561259577475,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}