{"id":"W4388445315","doi":"10.1080/00085006.2023.2268431","title":"Late tsarist Russia, 1881–1913 <b>Late tsarist Russia, 1881–1913</b> , by Beryl Williams, London, Routledge, 2021, viii + 183 pp., US$52.95 (paperback), ISBN 978-0-367-54779-0","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Slavonic Papers","topic":"Soviet and Russian History","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"St. Francis Xavier University","funders":"","keywords":"History; Ancient history; Classics; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001757694,0.001246443,0.00138187,0.0004580988,0.004290526,0.0006846669,0.002194709,0.001370406,0.00798606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004981341,0.001332239,0.000859617,0.003259388,0.002278322,0.0008480884,0.0002163114,0.001586324,0.00786949],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00435632,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007019198,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3845805,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7138878,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9901791,0.0006653244,0.001370558,0.002093604,0.001532561,0.004158834],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9932014,0.0003923996,0.0005608433,0.001690026,0.0001927638,0.003962582],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000534945,0.00009909883,0.01214839,0.00006475206,0.000356003,0.0007079049,0.005673706,0.00005823935,0.001315486,0.004856328,0.9609144,0.01375225],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001320278,0.0001080526,0.01262071,0.000157606,0.0002277638,0.000008570644,0.002603971,0.0001049593,0.00005654675,0.0002660075,0.9807217,0.001803852],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1023362,0.04083209,0.000005292775,0.02491542,0.007772634,0.002288279,0.00164019,0.001320218,0.8188897],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6306533,0.02327909,0.0001296979,0.005154286,0.002261711,0.000266256,0.001075867,0.0004179985,0.3367618],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5283171,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999926,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009410259509555046,"score_gpt":0.235513066123407,"score_spread":0.226102806613852,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}