{"id":"W4388479274","doi":"10.18280/ria.370507","title":"Fake Review Detection Using Machine Learning","year":2023,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Revue d intelligence artificielle","topic":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Machine learning","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002131957,0.0002033212,0.0002921161,0.0001778204,0.0009084091,0.0001195312,0.0002674425,0.000165067,0.004577911],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001195186,0.0002238134,0.0001830401,0.002949588,0.0002500935,0.0006151162,0.00007951786,0.0004256676,0.01226095],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001974141,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001094602,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001114043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002979509,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997652,0.0003537094,0.0006745613,0.0002836156,0.0003856992,0.0006504137],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988398,0.0001987158,0.0002855525,0.0002698028,0.0001633489,0.0002427704],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001075429,0.0000831615,0.0001227768,0.002291958,0.00003770681,0.00002216382,0.03257282,0.06818997,0.001559743,0.008250214,0.003510408,0.8833483],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001632265,0.00004878316,0.0000135926,0.00167528,0.00003608363,0.00001720795,0.005383925,0.5359243,0.00351613,0.0003007747,0.452859,0.000208578],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2726651,0.2885844,0.1437384,0.05922915,0.0216752,0.003953281,0.0000925553,0.002370539,0.2076914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6267703,0.1948648,0.0002997461,0.001437258,0.0007509297,0.000007135308,0.00003673095,0.00005123582,0.1757819],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8831397,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.996332,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1306834699764744,"score_gpt":0.3649961195588555,"score_spread":0.2343126495823811,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}