{"id":"W4388491562","doi":"10.1029/2023ja031587","title":"Magnetosphere–Ionosphere Drivers of Transient‐Large‐Amplitude Geomagnetic Disturbances: Statistical Analysis and Event Study","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geophysical Research Space Physics","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research; UC Berkeley College of Chemistry; Goddard Space Flight Center; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Space Agency; University of Alberta; Nuclear Safety and Security Commission; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Augsburg University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Substorm; Earth's magnetic field; Ionosphere; Magnetosphere; Solar wind; Ring current; Geomagnetic storm; Amplitude; Physics; Latitude; Local time; Geophysics; Atmospheric sciences; Geology; Geodesy; Plasma; Magnetic field","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002383837,0.0002603748,0.0005085781,0.001786281,0.000349179,0.0007783782,0.0004128339,0.0002329066,0.002374655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005113683,0.0001307991,0.001294533,0.002275797,0.0004414612,0.0005201034,0.0008434581,0.0003869516,0.0002434574],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002623934,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005047204,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007326429,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005694335,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986609,0.0003786799,0.0001430179,0.0004023601,0.00020549,0.0002095907],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.993598,0.003808786,0.001271888,0.0005352572,0.0003618959,0.0004242533],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001784269,0.00002916956,0.9928709,0.00001845809,0.0004174066,0.0001100749,0.00005914194,0.001336616,0.000726996,0.000121518,0.0003874357,0.003744006],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005568836,0.0001190526,0.9878627,0.000003865388,0.00008755708,0.0001119857,0.0001903129,0.0108503,0.000237347,0.00008231512,0.0004411782,0.000007926695],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954852,0.0001162291,0.001865855,0.00003933513,0.000008972122,0.00002565219,0.001990307,0.00004936136,0.0004189883],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982152,0.00001879949,0.0002498337,0.000005455781,0.00001128342,0.00001527779,0.001340825,0.000007743801,0.0001356282],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007326429,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01456755,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0168724000375119,"score_gpt":0.3266192514708349,"score_spread":0.309746851433323,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}