{"id":"W4388625387","doi":"10.1162/isec_a_00470","title":"Racialization and International Security","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Security","topic":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Oxford; York University; University of Pennsylvania; Princeton University; University of Cambridge; McKnight Foundation","keywords":"Racialization; Political science; Security studies; International relations; International security; Assertion; Power (physics); Sociology; Political economy; Normative; Order (exchange); Politics; Law and economics; Public administration; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006576721,0.0001123301,0.0000980205,0.0003464497,0.0003930797,0.0002210415,0.0004073458,0.0001278746,0.001386669],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007616789,0.0001244456,0.00007276494,0.0003639615,0.0002047057,0.0005684553,0.0001516686,0.000158739,0.000404505],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000243313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009071358,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008765491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005162842,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998481,0.00008128088,0.0002601517,0.0002684262,0.0006651667,0.0002439519],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991358,0.00014565,0.000112231,0.0001002185,0.0003877087,0.0001183857],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001535944,0.00003870461,0.009616229,0.000002266652,0.0000492182,0.000006401358,0.007961335,0.00001869142,0.00001849147,0.9722832,0.008093639,0.001896474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002870665,0.000008864457,0.009807928,0.00001439826,0.000006411647,0.000004144408,0.0009564508,0.005156603,0.00002425697,0.4715793,0.5120089,0.0001456387],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2235068,0.00004606719,0.0003390337,0.01141893,0.002194409,0.0002268277,0.0001540712,0.0003503413,0.7617635],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9909529,0.0005642584,0.00006235883,0.0004100626,0.001279672,0.00002585669,0.0002294312,0.0000128794,0.006462581],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.767446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995262,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02379278540505244,"score_gpt":0.3730138784288528,"score_spread":0.3492210930238004,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}