{"id":"W4388697329","doi":"10.53103/cjlls.v3i5.124","title":"A Comparative Analysis of Teacher-Centered and Student-Centered Language Teaching Approaches","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Language and Literature Studies","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Variety (cybernetics); Mathematics education; Student centered; Computer science; Order (exchange); Language education; Teaching method; Pedagogy; Psychology; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007654899,0.0001710594,0.0003917295,0.002380827,0.001562933,0.002237829,0.000831869,0.0004781446,0.001864695],"category_scores_gemma":[0.018772,0.0001619907,0.0005295865,0.001900253,0.0009740457,0.001661607,0.001804704,0.0006198203,0.0003209708],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003717005,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006769033,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006939194,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0291572,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9898627,0.00585966,0.0003775652,0.0003302964,0.002950794,0.000618945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9815216,0.009587,0.001715266,0.0005838581,0.004778942,0.001813279],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001968873,0.00209806,0.1723105,0.002299024,0.0003797952,0.001046646,0.2731257,0.0009937572,0.006389735,0.01269335,0.002416288,0.5242782],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005916591,0.004926918,0.5751715,0.002339049,0.0006837326,0.002095535,0.3383997,0.00303708,0.0061706,0.004440324,0.06199403,0.0001498848],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9695663,0.00247781,0.004932167,0.0005712467,0.00003533438,0.0002202972,0.00005418561,0.00004166895,0.02210088],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9909655,0.001567985,0.00393305,0.0001924629,0.00001025,0.0001657919,0.00007537285,0.00002452743,0.003065073],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007654899,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04048347,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07874804036940684,"score_gpt":0.3220657153659552,"score_spread":0.2433176749965484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}