{"id":"W4388730619","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-37442-5_8","title":"The Perceived Universality of the West and the Silencing of “Africa” in Western Syllabi of International Relations","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Political pedagogies","topic":"Global Education and Multiculturalism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Syllabus; Universality (dynamical systems); Argument (complex analysis); Politics; Epistemology; Sociology; Social science; Political science; Pedagogy; Philosophy; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004285637,0.00008228562,0.0001775099,0.00003583175,0.0001647301,0.00002149391,0.0003788561,0.0001019662,0.00006320879],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001806799,0.00004191933,0.0001008682,0.00005328302,0.002603453,0.00005030975,0.0001395676,0.0001735632,0.00000637276],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009850428,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002282407,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01066798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008469678,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989404,0.000131766,0.0003101492,0.0001031937,0.0003622317,0.0001522552],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978271,0.001485299,0.0001857572,0.000165285,0.0002985421,0.00003809283],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007600942,0.000006292789,0.000870445,0.00001049646,0.00002054805,1.053857e-7,0.04156131,0.000003525141,0.000005597429,0.9573022,0.0001538442,0.00005808374],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008276604,0.00002062896,0.3570242,0.0005229931,0.0001790763,0.000001386926,0.3532059,0.00004831989,0.00001872107,0.1783298,0.1095746,0.0002466673],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07681361,0.0002128765,8.849431e-7,0.04175147,0.0007111533,0.0003767892,0.000121171,0.000020357,0.8799917],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8178576,0.0002024842,0.000006710166,0.00003169574,0.00004592436,0.000002509632,0.00000212746,0.000004254082,0.1818467],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7789724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9959201,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07916576557621849,"score_gpt":0.3605279141548985,"score_spread":0.28136214857868,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}