{"id":"W4388865581","doi":"10.1080/10408444.2023.2264327","title":"From cultivation to cancer: formation of <i>N</i> -nitrosamines and other carcinogens in smokeless tobacco and their mutagenic implications","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Critical Reviews in Toxicology","topic":"Polyamine Metabolism and Applications","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Janssen Biotech; National Cancer Institute; Genentech; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Ontario Genomics Institute; Structural Genomics Consortium; Merck KGaA; Genome Canada; Bayer; Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A.; Pfizer; University of Minnesota; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; Boehringer Ingelheim; American Lung Association; National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; Genentech Foundation","keywords":"Carcinogen; Smokeless tobacco; Chemistry; Nornicotine; Tobacco smoke; Food science; Biochemistry; Toxicology; Biology; Tobacco use; Alkaloid; Medicine; Organic chemistry; Environmental health","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002708399,0.0002373138,0.00101904,0.0001505193,0.00002957429,0.00001097961,0.0001799286,0.0002960777,0.000005746445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006637162,0.0001907267,0.00009776005,0.0003496004,0.000131261,0.000005039608,0.0001726614,0.0001355114,0.00000484103],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002729334,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006624716,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001182629,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008036591,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983158,0.0002277861,0.0007697438,0.0004243063,0.0000360795,0.0002262947],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991766,0.0002252772,0.0001401852,0.0003373233,0.00003915465,0.00008141911],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005160636,0.00007396826,0.0003725445,0.002880929,0.00001822418,4.024307e-7,0.0001195229,4.696567e-7,0.01464465,0.00138751,0.0003090588,0.9801875],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001585711,0.00004226216,0.0007473292,0.001834698,0.0001089278,0.000006445109,0.00004947624,0.000005174834,0.001004098,0.0005734417,0.9952361,0.000233479],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.01527055,0.9819843,0.0004018104,0.0002853957,0.00006250499,0.001161051,0.0007978319,0.000004789446,0.00003172828],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.004043548,0.9932148,0.0002469758,0.0002797342,0.0001501178,0.001796589,0.0002246919,0.00002760303,0.00001596138],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.994927,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7777611,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09907035255563029,"score_gpt":0.4166494675074286,"score_spread":0.3175791149517983,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}