{"id":"W4389399701","doi":"10.19173/irrodl.v24i4.7356","title":"SCOPE of Open Education: A New Framework for Research","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning","topic":"Open Education and E-Learning","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Scope (computer science); Open education; Scholarship; Social justice; Sociology; Engineering ethics; Educational research; Open research; Open learning; Pedagogy; Political science; Computer science; Teaching method; Social science; Cooperative learning; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","open_science"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01799793,0.00008047496,0.0002566277,0.0003336827,0.0003260353,0.0008096914,0.005718458,0.00004408532,0.0001694927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01178906,0.00006193719,0.00004359452,0.002732344,0.0001521678,0.0006481861,0.004074499,0.0008328213,0.0000564048],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009523569,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001981518,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001137138,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001579093,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970086,0.0009442052,0.0004490545,0.0003482152,0.0009117362,0.0003381722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9949989,0.003352109,0.0001747797,0.0004168182,0.0009324994,0.0001248505],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005614166,0.0001277872,0.002747757,0.000752751,0.00002538753,0.000001269697,0.000601915,0.00006346853,0.00003714459,0.7625076,0.0772271,0.1558517],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007128417,0.0002768926,0.007578705,0.02184552,0.000004763931,0.000009500379,0.01144829,0.003189306,0.0002703661,0.1196762,0.8348125,0.0001751692],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02112071,0.05949615,0.03878384,0.5796129,0.002025164,0.0148319,0.00007211934,0.0001336122,0.2839236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8089752,0.1274596,0.03823071,0.0009919042,0.0004515483,0.001386423,0.0004906788,0.00004642683,0.02196749],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7878545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996611,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2746063499759176,"score_gpt":0.5700130000836484,"score_spread":0.2954066501077308,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}