{"id":"W4389527364","doi":"10.1898/nwn22-21","title":"AMERICAN AVOCETS AT COOKING LAKE, ALBERTA, 2009–2023, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO LARGE AGGREGATION SIZE, LOW REPRODUCTION RATE, LATE MIGRATION DEPARTURE, AND EFFECTIVE PREDATOR AVOIDANCE","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Northwestern Naturalist","topic":"Ecology and biodiversity studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Environment and Protected Areas","funders":"","keywords":"Predator; Reproduction; Environmental science; Geography; Ecology; Biology; Predation","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010564,0.000228983,0.00008759968,0.0005929063,0.001877333,0.0003751506,0.0005066958,0.000174076,0.001583858],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001528754,0.0001530189,0.0000727332,0.0006619157,0.0003901104,0.0001587835,0.0004078263,0.0003186041,0.0003193262],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004401414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003143855,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9277589,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9913202,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999341,0.000002876885,0.000001341846,0.00001387676,0.00002608648,0.00002174387],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998086,0.00000550965,0.00002812426,0.000005265975,0.00007507726,0.0000773659],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001852442,0.0001427812,0.9364149,0.00006671454,0.00002922949,0.001376365,0.006126654,0.0002617014,0.006298875,0.0001805808,0.01176982,0.03714706],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003230848,0.00001871169,0.9937865,0.000009020959,0.000004204568,0.00007534616,0.001983795,0.0001077351,0.0001220825,0.00001531179,0.003871006,0.000003189048],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.990276,0.0002337361,0.0001560998,0.0002032639,0.0000150971,0.0000401115,0.002230138,0.00002996719,0.006815604],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9756227,0.0004613798,0.00123019,0.0002174316,0.00001800424,0.00004542357,0.003885219,0.00001489378,0.01850474],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07224107,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.145333,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006050171122745346,"score_gpt":0.2120886431601284,"score_spread":0.2060384720373831,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}