{"id":"W4389543715","doi":"10.23919/oceans52994.2023.10337200","title":"An Improved Variable Parameter Phase-Locked Loop for Single-Carrier Underwater Acoustic Communications","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Phase-locked loop; Initialization; PLL multibit; Control theory (sociology); Computer science; Loop (graph theory); Underwater acoustic communication; Gradient descent; Electronic engineering; Underwater; Engineering; Phase noise; Mathematics; Artificial neural network; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002743817,0.0003177389,0.0002732977,0.0002006159,0.0001649102,0.0002487461,0.0006453287,0.0003642286,0.0009125416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006300485,0.0001389095,0.0001574618,0.0002662041,0.0002528635,0.0004487141,0.0002608834,0.0005155497,0.0003999207],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002017241,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003216655,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007498544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001053393,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997399,0.0000478712,0.0000121609,0.00006871287,0.0001146025,0.00001662576],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998424,0.00005112142,0.00002219672,0.00001992812,0.00005751563,0.000006829547],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003723617,0.0001083267,0.001154338,0.0001896545,0.00006156463,0.0001281639,0.0001506006,0.0668982,0.3970058,0.01257538,0.00166945,0.5196861],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001083035,0.0004663962,0.0007370014,0.00001914026,0.00004647884,0.0002426246,0.00001261154,0.8790006,0.100291,0.001313471,0.01772097,0.00004137668],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02243199,0.0005133123,0.9747151,0.00007725306,0.00009723474,0.00002800766,0.00001993491,0.0006087862,0.00150823],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.566054,0.000407669,0.4291635,0.0001293551,0.0001131944,0.0000611874,0.00009499166,0.00006194646,0.003914168],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009125416,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003052771,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06147161121533333,"score_gpt":0.2928460170756613,"score_spread":0.231374405860328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}