{"id":"W4389571579","doi":"10.5430/wjel.v14n1p398","title":"Modalities as Persuasion Carriers in Political Discourse","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"World Journal of English Language","topic":"Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University","keywords":"Persuasion; Modalities; Obligation; Modality (human–computer interaction); Presidential system; Linguistics; Function (biology); Politics; Psychology; Categorization; Meaning (existential); Social psychology; Sociology; Computer science; Political science; Law; Artificial intelligence; Philosophy; Social science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005872821,0.0001654551,0.0003038249,0.0007072371,0.000137556,0.000249628,0.000448376,0.00003739592,0.001747945],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006255953,0.0001313512,0.000167674,0.0002183812,0.0003733529,0.0005923274,0.00009060835,0.0004593031,0.00005782042],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001034646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001464454,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006248303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003210334,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983908,0.0001610004,0.0004921072,0.0001241393,0.0004054784,0.0004264904],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987963,0.000231096,0.0001895123,0.0003263428,0.0002960851,0.000160644],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000381002,0.00005626079,0.000397841,0.00002176984,0.00003673198,0.00023908,0.3721971,0.00003519395,0.00003943132,0.621916,0.004451943,0.0005705681],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006686783,0.00006636374,0.0003695805,0.0001637301,0.00003219726,0.000009322451,0.9432357,0.00001888311,0.0001200054,0.004456442,0.05066499,0.0001941229],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6932502,0.0009319101,9.58803e-7,0.001265089,0.000951168,0.00007456702,0.00002964101,0.0000774315,0.303419],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9839731,0.0000426734,0.00003770903,0.000227831,0.001725183,0.00000553876,0.00001851344,0.0000296495,0.01393978],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6174595,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991646,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02807159660826617,"score_gpt":0.3146526659635793,"score_spread":0.2865810693553131,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}