{"id":"W4389640850","doi":"10.1002/adsr.202300100","title":"Analyzing Electrochemical Sensing Fundamentals for Health Applications","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Sensor Research","topic":"Electrochemical sensors and biosensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; McMaster University","keywords":"Redox; Electrochemistry; Chemistry; Chemical reaction; Nanotechnology; Gibbs free energy; Biochemical engineering; Electrode; Materials science; Inorganic chemistry; Biochemistry; Thermodynamics; Physical chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005337107,0.0001743438,0.0002732452,0.0002904113,0.0003611959,0.00005292085,0.0001685567,0.00009272553,0.000009920455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001217411,0.0001778778,0.0001038563,0.001603539,0.00008499338,0.00006786395,0.00004173913,0.0004659874,0.0001463476],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003167483,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003221609,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006498227,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009931788,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975807,0.00005535201,0.0003152596,0.000395875,0.000342865,0.001309967],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986771,0.0005904257,0.00002660909,0.0003036238,0.0001578928,0.0002442996],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003500976,0.00001246398,0.000013993,0.0001237808,0.00002771613,0.000002217624,0.00004134909,0.0006099174,0.9658347,0.0002166267,0.002469762,0.03061243],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004435578,0.0001225949,0.00003719941,0.0000446287,0.000004775351,0.00001177804,0.0002339354,0.02280731,0.8900505,0.002110587,0.08383045,0.0003026582],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9465477,0.00169143,0.03970987,0.003341411,0.0001256965,0.003924466,0.00007505329,0.002766426,0.001817888],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98058,0.001281117,0.01588348,0.0001217557,0.0003706164,0.0003351639,0.0002127895,0.0001318874,0.001083222],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08136069,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7253646,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04313374954024177,"score_gpt":0.3881721053252553,"score_spread":0.3450383557850135,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}