{"id":"W4389778710","doi":"10.1029/2023sw003590","title":"Validating Ionospheric Models Against Technologically Relevant Metrics","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Space Weather","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Nuclear Safety and Security Commission; U.S. Air Force; Canadian Space Agency; Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity; Heliophysics Division; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Ionosphere; Global Positioning System; International Reference Ionosphere; Computer science; Position (finance); Space weather; Geodesy; Meteorology; Geophysics; TEC; Geology; Physics; Total electron content; Telecommunications","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003104656,0.001210708,0.0005072936,0.001389815,0.0004285852,0.001649339,0.001621222,0.0009753359,0.002811121],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01405389,0.0003709088,0.0009431281,0.001066199,0.000523554,0.001964937,0.001361639,0.001063972,0.00120786],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001132386,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00140548,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02028206,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01163801,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985822,0.0004371826,0.0001267542,0.00025226,0.0004426592,0.0001588949],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9940372,0.002388706,0.0005925567,0.001463492,0.001308066,0.0002098901],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001348511,0.0001336849,0.03385963,0.00014888,0.0001946102,0.00007489336,0.00009753275,0.9354408,0.003285179,0.001552236,0.005011938,0.02006576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008085729,0.0001320731,0.01090818,0.00007179227,0.00004112822,0.00003471903,0.0001100535,0.9721661,0.009412119,0.002007481,0.004985513,0.00005016571],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7893654,0.0005578639,0.1360504,0.001519335,0.0006026691,0.0002809782,0.02870394,0.02318635,0.01973312],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.955686,0.0001663205,0.02781871,0.0002035622,0.00004441784,0.0001207188,0.01426868,0.0007601048,0.0009314434],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02028206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04032803,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01385893976482274,"score_gpt":0.2283077668094822,"score_spread":0.2144488270446595,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}