{"id":"W4390018048","doi":"10.1137/1.9781611977806.ch8","title":"Chapter 8: Projection and Separation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics eBooks","topic":"Mathematics and Applications","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Projection (relational algebra); Singleton; Combinatorics; Notation; Point (geometry); Mathematics; Physics; Computer science; Arithmetic; Algorithm; Geometry; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004597339,0.001023701,0.0006260572,0.0007960921,0.001192359,0.00323396,0.0007936961,0.0007878806,0.04859946],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00121053,0.0005246151,0.0008006105,0.001419445,0.001914346,0.004594302,0.002051654,0.004013496,0.02396896],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001217926,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001137286,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009565864,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008718083,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994344,0.0001024447,0.00002662408,0.0001226397,0.0002735395,0.00004035496],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997355,0.00009134861,0.00001107651,0.00005025374,0.00009183024,0.00001985875],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002617691,0.00001830026,0.00005661108,0.0002914378,0.00001222139,0.00004760684,0.0001952254,0.0009262306,0.001338976,0.7833249,0.1113442,0.1024182],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004466674,0.00001569805,0.0001211238,0.0001445578,0.00000668238,0.0002159412,0.00006733406,0.001004942,0.001207238,0.4254021,0.5717971,0.00001283724],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.001892257,0.04191485,0.2292418,0.004507384,0.004525553,0.00008850763,0.0005840952,0.000919317,0.7163262],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.06262483,0.07513979,0.1614369,0.002964473,0.008630469,0.0003403455,0.001922633,0.001990348,0.6849503],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04859946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1625814,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1851484434722686,"score_gpt":0.3271565616582895,"score_spread":0.1420081181860209,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}