{"id":"W4390062017","doi":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.48706","title":"Promotional Language (Hype) in Abstracts of Publications of National Institutes of Health–Funded Research, 1985-2020","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JAMA Network Open","topic":"Pharmaceutical industry and healthcare","field":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Concordance; Adjective; Consistency (knowledge bases); Psychology; Medicine; Family medicine; Political science; Mathematics; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.03550115,0.0008285369,0.0007700726,0.02536242,0.001269945,0.004358687,0.001027504,0.0007972992,0.00293439],"category_scores_gemma":[0.2239379,0.0004740909,0.001256372,0.02355337,0.001717988,0.00426038,0.003269267,0.001071679,0.0009200286],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002277832,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004836129,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002661743,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004511195,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9545427,0.01323697,0.01641444,0.002257543,0.01269941,0.0008488436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.516202,0.1513887,0.2818674,0.008666707,0.03614995,0.00572536],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"reporting","domain_candidate":"reporting","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001964858,0.000197811,0.7450088,0.03300378,0.0009702123,0.0006970236,0.01560133,0.0002946271,0.006316212,0.001252759,0.02205444,0.1726382],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006147339,0.0003859306,0.9643586,0.003300631,0.0003046825,0.001240599,0.004122439,0.0001668553,0.0009950449,0.0003924342,0.02459955,0.00007171548],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8366196,0.1006443,0.002626301,0.01007409,0.001989707,0.0008966423,0.03371755,0.0004940819,0.01293771],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9528295,0.02383271,0.007752589,0.001074755,0.001950363,0.000985415,0.009461043,0.00008414031,0.002029471],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9746376,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1877503,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.7749734029830102,"score_gpt":0.6682497230744918,"score_spread":0.1067236799085184,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}