{"id":"W4390444858","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.3c03579","title":"Hydrophilic Antifouling Thin-Film Nanocomposite Forward Osmosis Membranes: Effect of Zwitterion-Functionalized Carbon Nanofiber Modification","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Forward osmosis; Chemical engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Polyamide; Nanocomposite; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Methacrylate; Fouling; Reverse osmosis; Materials science; Contact angle; Surface modification; Cellulose; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Nanofiber; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Polymer; Copolymer; Composite material","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001741036,0.0002349448,0.0003313339,0.00017239,0.0001458898,0.00005344653,0.0005470496,0.0004034432,0.00052301],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008302166,0.000225657,0.0001076688,0.001793426,0.0002049541,0.0001337027,0.0003356622,0.0006276616,0.00015107],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002764161,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003669522,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001934578,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.369605e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973099,0.0001051572,0.0004341401,0.0005150362,0.001093019,0.000542725],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998617,0.0005548199,0.00009782166,0.0005767541,0.00004155638,0.0001120567],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008389587,0.00001519335,0.0009563211,0.0001278231,0.00002732182,0.000005693953,0.00005637906,0.1185088,0.8792207,0.000002715168,0.0003757313,0.0006193968],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007399636,0.00006588102,0.0002837794,0.00007784728,0.00001294698,0.000005930715,0.00002355441,0.07578263,0.9206738,0.0000201698,0.002132214,0.0001812607],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969636,0.00003857442,0.00001087634,0.0002304483,0.0001740267,0.0004974234,0.00001096852,0.0004292039,0.001644923],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998171,0.00004186109,0.00002803492,0.000002185396,0.0001547798,0.00016728,0.00006591446,0.00003928712,0.001329695],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0427262,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9202026,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05036845182919479,"score_gpt":0.3111180811551187,"score_spread":0.2607496293259239,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}