{"id":"W4390444858","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.3c03579","title":"Hydrophilic Antifouling Thin-Film Nanocomposite Forward Osmosis Membranes: Effect of Zwitterion-Functionalized Carbon Nanofiber Modification","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Forward osmosis; Chemical engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Polyamide; Nanocomposite; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Methacrylate; Fouling; Reverse osmosis; Materials science; Contact angle; Surface modification; Cellulose; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Nanofiber; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Polymer; Copolymer; Composite material","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001865675,0.0006619485,0.0002307946,0.0002061225,0.0001210572,0.0002033952,0.0001892731,0.0004661879,0.000351409],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002721886,0.0001653358,0.0002815985,0.000120805,0.00015174,0.0004327276,0.0001585351,0.0003112731,0.0001243151],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002526625,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001793192,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008295284,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001553316,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998797,0.00001502743,0.00001233815,0.00003177715,0.00003937749,0.00002168289],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998142,0.00003150552,0.00007363973,0.000009087037,0.00004331695,0.00002828719],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001083797,0.000005792051,0.00002349448,0.0000193311,0.000002525307,0.00001619945,0.000003553115,0.00002706822,0.9995192,0.000008825818,0.000004008728,0.0003591643],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002050224,0.00004228187,0.000404933,0.000001645015,0.00000620114,0.00005126578,0.000003407638,0.0003712351,0.998894,0.00000351263,0.0002163235,0.000003180675],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9936032,0.001348692,0.004171007,0.00006186005,0.00003131942,0.00002936628,0.00006203285,0.00006235599,0.0006303097],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9898078,0.001079921,0.007797247,0.0000529581,0.00001768538,0.00003780218,0.0001025335,0.00002159582,0.001082304],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008295284,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018332,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05036845182919479,"score_gpt":0.3111180811551187,"score_spread":0.2607496293259239,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}