{"id":"W4390815511","doi":"10.3390/vehicles6010007","title":"Collision Risk in Autonomous Vehicles: Classification, Challenges, and Open Research Areas","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vehicles","topic":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Collision; Reliability (semiconductor); Computer science; Hazard; Warning system; Open research; Field (mathematics); Collision avoidance; Stability (learning theory); Risk analysis (engineering); Computer security; Machine learning; Business; Telecommunications","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00326785,0.0006900553,0.001332007,0.002951391,0.0008997057,0.004188884,0.001813499,0.002690031,0.0008775783],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01065514,0.0004269341,0.0006690935,0.002493854,0.002512922,0.006550935,0.001586913,0.002231675,0.0001957717],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001293154,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001346005,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004455684,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002932109,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976308,0.0006642225,0.0001651838,0.0005463873,0.0007653007,0.0002281026],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.986223,0.009405266,0.001277615,0.0004658976,0.002130478,0.0004977279],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002086867,0.0005449103,0.07160908,0.001417844,0.0002065178,0.000402449,0.0009761141,0.107014,0.001144603,0.08273439,0.0185688,0.7151726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001805763,0.0002171141,0.02191411,0.0006952696,0.0000689923,0.00051621,0.004929339,0.7097278,0.001185272,0.2455471,0.01502289,0.0001578975],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.2550228,0.2946155,0.3710335,0.06514265,0.001911609,0.0001973169,0.0005426251,0.0004546091,0.01107953],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8812228,0.06743419,0.04388258,0.0008930897,0.004035461,0.00007711579,0.0003599294,0.00004864727,0.00204605],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004455684,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01728225,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0725604630638158,"score_gpt":0.3159306220465564,"score_spread":0.2433701589827406,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}