{"id":"W4390838083","doi":"10.1080/23322705.2024.2303266","title":"Criminalizing Human Trafficking Has Not Made a Difference: A Law Enforcement Failure","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Human Trafficking","topic":"Sex work and related issues","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of the Fraser Valley","funders":"","keywords":"Law enforcement; Enforcement; Human trafficking; Business; Law; Political science; Law and economics; Criminology; Economics; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01721817,0.0004315416,0.0007219448,0.002367217,0.01747545,0.01563174,0.002117276,0.01146729,0.005610095],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02735196,0.0006370091,0.0005798109,0.001775328,0.0243773,0.015875,0.00733699,0.01788904,0.001563469],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003927179,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01587752,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01746135,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01831981,"domain_scores_codex":[0.988709,0.003481125,0.0007893367,0.001150519,0.003303204,0.002566685],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9642302,0.01388091,0.004440056,0.002627412,0.00571362,0.009107776],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001158292,0.0009561506,0.03269692,0.0006226436,0.0001075646,0.005290528,0.06899189,0.0002796142,0.001330364,0.2203549,0.3121186,0.357135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007471412,0.0005670255,0.04744811,0.00604861,0.0001154219,0.005522165,0.1867522,0.001154407,0.001534094,0.1022091,0.6481898,0.0003845093],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04804682,0.006500148,0.001077299,0.9058868,0.002374289,0.00002663464,0.00002910359,0.00006168267,0.03599719],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6867818,0.0152943,0.0019947,0.2580522,0.003454154,0.0000744987,0.00006765727,0.0002086069,0.03407223],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01747545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09105951,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06526937397629903,"score_gpt":0.349217875561009,"score_spread":0.28394850158471,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}