{"id":"W4390939047","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4698551","title":"Effect of Counterfeits and Fake Reviews in Markets for Credence Goods","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Spam and Phishing Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Winnipeg; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Credence good; Credence; Product (mathematics); Business; Purchasing; Advertising; Competition (biology); Exploit; Marketing; Quality (philosophy); Set (abstract data type); Information asymmetry; Computer science; Computer security","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007971744,0.0008504287,0.00262493,0.001451781,0.001680454,0.007861603,0.00123427,0.006577812,0.04363153],"category_scores_gemma":[0.06828954,0.0009604544,0.001660206,0.0008777948,0.002806173,0.007334674,0.002073668,0.005257652,0.002577591],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002201606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001723524,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009730148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00914634,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996922,0.001305608,0.0001339125,0.000448007,0.0002664715,0.0009240331],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.7167592,0.2364106,0.02627175,0.004618345,0.004243518,0.01169657],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.1600245,0.02991888,0.5329265,0.002733147,0.002685408,0.004205146,0.003349452,0.04181077,0.02385388,0.07043887,0.04630368,0.08174971],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0120541,0.01425509,0.7145349,0.0003666047,0.004694398,0.001273063,0.007841256,0.124764,0.009934771,0.1001684,0.00942877,0.0006848095],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.983858,0.0009647211,0.0003611472,0.002973845,0.0001126369,0.00005136734,0.0007513632,0.0000881726,0.01083863],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944941,0.0002734335,0.0001148428,0.0002621115,0.0001981968,0.00001992622,0.0002492668,0.00001953339,0.004368596],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04363153,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.145962,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01087064390217,"score_gpt":0.2880634518169599,"score_spread":0.2771928079147899,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}