{"id":"W4391020680","doi":"10.1109/mts.2023.3340235","title":"Technological Solutions to Online Toxicity: Potential and Pitfalls","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","topic":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Misinformation; Disinformation; Context (archaeology); Social media; Computer science; Process (computing); Internet privacy; Data science; Risk analysis (engineering); Computer security; Business; World Wide Web","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02554069,0.001429395,0.00112567,0.005072783,0.003672457,0.009456301,0.004367627,0.008332456,0.0150072],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0484702,0.0007019761,0.001716828,0.003223737,0.01047921,0.02206136,0.007531835,0.009897638,0.006734686],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002498911,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005319688,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001822643,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004128073,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9830233,0.008056447,0.0009222059,0.001328696,0.005866886,0.0008024307],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9287319,0.04395175,0.004064846,0.004772197,0.01603354,0.002445828],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001077452,0.0003130214,0.004788703,0.005264105,0.0001316221,0.0006708903,0.00303112,0.001317297,0.001593965,0.1219076,0.06728372,0.7935903],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003651366,0.0003944641,0.003908177,0.01025789,0.0001590096,0.002265177,0.01566731,0.003052745,0.003609568,0.25428,0.706192,0.0001772037],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.01098694,0.2991544,0.05144037,0.5800598,0.006201253,0.0002466635,0.0003093693,0.0009413835,0.05065972],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1911003,0.5182489,0.13696,0.1120629,0.01269681,0.0009150025,0.0005232235,0.0005618001,0.02693101],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02554069,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1350737,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01433257319415143,"score_gpt":0.241260016478174,"score_spread":0.2269274432840226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}