{"id":"W4391025999","doi":"10.3390/biomedinformatics4010015","title":"Deep Machine Learning for Medical Diagnosis, Application to Lung Cancer Detection: A Review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"BioMedInformatics","topic":"Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","field":"Medicine","cited_by":98,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Moncton","funders":"New Brunswick Innovation Foundation; Fondation de la recherche en santé du Nouveau-Brunswick","keywords":"Deep learning; Artificial intelligence; Machine learning; Computer science; Interpretability; Convolutional neural network","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001201047,0.000857671,0.0009030754,0.001801572,0.0002175116,0.0009743348,0.0009424672,0.00125033,0.003171759],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002561387,0.0004149764,0.0008185698,0.002138218,0.000552107,0.001414217,0.0008363641,0.001729968,0.001528805],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007368504,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001575374,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002383719,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00241551,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996322,0.00007747768,0.00005546509,0.00006971837,0.0001390434,0.00002607733],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988561,0.0007910728,0.00007096451,0.00002919828,0.0002170601,0.000035638],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000423388,0.00005484861,0.0005288892,0.009356921,0.0001298832,0.0001022703,0.00005597731,0.002928105,0.0009757977,0.005923992,0.02380089,0.9561],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000316135,0.000255134,0.002499416,0.01164468,0.0003768529,0.001375601,0.00009625583,0.0102423,0.002688362,0.01644117,0.9542467,0.000101851],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004993824,0.9898998,0.006248008,0.001290974,0.0002763296,0.00001701837,0.00007366559,0.00005585337,0.001638982],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.003862074,0.9913611,0.003121859,0.0005246437,0.0003393791,0.00002124089,0.0001191063,0.00001319921,0.0006374108],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003171759,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01061064,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02548659869598669,"score_gpt":0.3995955702876136,"score_spread":0.3741089715916269,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}