{"id":"W4391053153","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2024.130898","title":"Carbon capture technologies: A review on technology readiness level","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Fuel","topic":"Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":162,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Optech (Canada)","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Carbon capture and storage (timeline); Flue gas; Carbon fibers; Computer science; Process engineering; Biochemical engineering; Combustion; Maturity (psychological); Environmental science; Emerging technologies; Systems engineering; Waste management; Engineering; Chemistry; Climate change","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000206883,0.001395951,0.003505376,0.001988555,0.00001541041,0.00005184231,0.00175088,0.00299818,0.00001619485],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005790789,0.001047282,0.0007149527,0.003593192,0.0002564929,0.00004237479,0.0004887956,0.003468741,0.0006582817],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000678003,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000124844,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000697959,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001541143,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968811,0.00002872367,0.0009659861,0.0009988238,0.0003542433,0.0007710916],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971185,0.0001062284,0.000178228,0.002475754,0.00006822019,0.000053089],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[4.708401e-7,0.00001067806,9.795174e-8,0.2407744,0.0002952869,0.0003026352,0.000006617805,0.000001704223,0.000001766685,0.00195142,0.03439613,0.7222587],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004466379,0.00002807757,2.711078e-8,0.1537754,0.001127696,0.0002993105,0.00003757683,0.00001125706,0.00001060924,0.00147834,0.8423367,0.0008503097],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[3.065732e-7,0.9590988,0.0000130895,0.0005908918,0.001484299,0.001599142,0.0002173452,0.02431395,0.01268224],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00001955395,0.9965468,0.0002999235,0.00005342488,0.0001116314,0.001566346,0.00007728601,0.0003968292,0.0009282252],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8079405,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998791,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04581746451502266,"score_gpt":0.2970444610702584,"score_spread":0.2512269965552357,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}