{"id":"W4391452785","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4712901","title":"A Comprehensive Review of Digital Twin Technology: Applications and Innovations in Solar Energy Systems","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Digital Transformation in Industry","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Solar energy; Engineering physics; Computer science; Systems engineering; Engineering; Electrical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00117353,0.001072941,0.001622,0.00420142,0.0003105184,0.001511883,0.0008797772,0.001181681,0.004192133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002139879,0.0004169704,0.0007576106,0.005877465,0.0004562444,0.002093008,0.0009140775,0.001306881,0.001444926],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007399505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002397329,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001664568,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004136957,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995841,0.00006866516,0.00007612386,0.00006542416,0.0001778023,0.0000278502],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986874,0.0007390187,0.0001688803,0.00003236121,0.0003056741,0.00006647973],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006032005,0.00007777638,0.0001714541,0.05583112,0.0001487677,0.00007697626,0.00005457877,0.0005302268,0.001745718,0.004351159,0.03511529,0.9018366],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001880347,0.0001685547,0.001318441,0.01236519,0.0002894607,0.0003767678,0.00007122417,0.0001617109,0.0005539805,0.001746937,0.9828957,0.00003326188],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00007501066,0.9989017,0.0001195505,0.0001504512,0.0001439972,0.000004802781,0.00002104297,0.000004451027,0.0005789483],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005224469,0.998776,0.0001773621,0.0001516104,0.0001232249,0.000004011497,0.00002011146,0.00000114162,0.0002240426],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00420142,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01402414,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01828250068402352,"score_gpt":0.2727127370128518,"score_spread":0.2544302363288283,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}