{"id":"W4391533586","doi":"10.5430/wjel.v14n2p452","title":"A Multidimensional Analysis of Academic Writing: A Comparative Study of Saudi and British University Students’ Writing","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"World Journal of English Language","topic":"Discourse Analysis in Language Studies","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University","keywords":"Mathematics education; Computer science; Academic writing; Psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007451691,0.0001403656,0.0007649583,0.001031893,0.0001276272,0.0000934862,0.0002388071,0.00002471689,0.0005370968],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001497212,0.0001341587,0.0002772227,0.0005563316,0.0002802254,0.0003322054,0.0001653095,0.0003876822,5.482815e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003832258,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002893404,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005179514,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00920007,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982551,0.0001579477,0.0006803034,0.0001860738,0.0005649928,0.0001555995],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983011,0.0004126154,0.0004434472,0.0001155913,0.0006652478,0.00006198166],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008470229,0.000690575,0.04746401,0.0001299421,0.01369369,0.0008473887,0.9262932,0.0003022902,0.0001501764,0.006922779,0.001370599,0.00205063],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000858998,0.0001874838,0.01126313,0.0006291138,0.005024173,0.000004657946,0.9792365,0.0001898713,0.00003063668,0.00001275607,0.002399492,0.0001631875],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9810377,0.01028206,0.000005883737,0.00001567931,0.0001853998,0.00009687596,0.00007170656,0.0000172493,0.008287433],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979628,0.0001403111,0.00008817462,0.00001203953,0.0004094036,5.104949e-7,0.000005148334,0.00001010709,0.001371505],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05294328,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5880834,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02278834774285485,"score_gpt":0.3046757279563094,"score_spread":0.2818873802134546,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}