{"id":"W4391650173","doi":"10.1111/desc.13481","title":"Exposure to sign language prior and after cochlear implantation increases language and cognitive skills in deaf children","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developmental Science","topic":"Hearing Impairment and Communication","field":"Psychology","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Université de Montréal","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Sign language; Psychology; Spoken language; Audiology; Cognition; Short-term memory; Developmental psychology; Hearing loss; Sociolinguistics of sign languages; Sign (mathematics); Cochlear implant; Speech perception; Language development; American Sign Language; Manually coded language; Working memory; Cognitive psychology; Linguistics; Perception; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004075383,0.0002533464,0.0003618595,0.0005372405,0.0002997341,0.0004723587,0.0002097025,0.0003858548,0.002089328],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002568661,0.0001683963,0.0004642124,0.000244525,0.0003305719,0.0002967211,0.0006417803,0.0004329642,0.0002162426],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002455759,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004494416,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002601863,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006437337,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995635,0.00006233068,0.00003832812,0.00007713677,0.0001456473,0.0001130409],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984331,0.0005280566,0.0004316553,0.00006848758,0.0001619428,0.0003766805],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002590341,0.001974297,0.8331739,0.0006730072,0.0002489224,0.002598897,0.004389292,0.0001427855,0.08707269,0.0000784169,0.0002909711,0.06676637],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000673443,0.001481373,0.9944956,0.00001922329,0.00004525629,0.0004951585,0.0006597974,0.00001359387,0.002538828,0.00001552913,0.0002228409,0.000006084387],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9996067,0.000207416,0.00001120022,0.000008359542,0.000002588305,0.000001607561,0.00001470958,0.000001346201,0.0001460491],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990579,0.0003502104,0.00007893277,0.00001771066,0.000004042381,0.000008559189,0.0000528594,0.000001376317,0.0004283237],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002601863,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006989479,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006264244846876346,"score_gpt":0.3034780552095264,"score_spread":0.2972138103626501,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}