{"id":"W4391781962","doi":"10.2196/49462","title":"User-Friendly Chatbot to Mitigate the Psychological Stress of Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Development and Usability Study","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JMIR Formative Research","topic":"Digital Mental Health Interventions","field":"Psychology","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Chang Gung Medical Foundation; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; National Taipei University of Technology; Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan; Clinical Trial Center, China Medical University Hospital","keywords":"Loneliness; Chatbot; Anxiety; Mental health; Social isolation; Pandemic; Medicine; Social distance; Psychology; Psychiatry; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); World Wide Web; Disease","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003080264,0.0001517543,0.0001871773,0.0001802528,0.0004935045,0.0001279727,0.0005377564,0.00006897515,0.000627577],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001705367,0.00008053243,0.00006573531,0.000663758,0.0005058743,0.0001977058,0.0005455426,0.0006454557,0.0004152002],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002891482,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006652742,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001434483,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003389005,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967408,0.0009956508,0.0006023736,0.0004379467,0.0006530409,0.0005701465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980119,0.001025527,0.00006065649,0.0004892939,0.0001328941,0.0002797428],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002718751,0.009036111,0.1624532,0.003529298,0.0005003785,0.00009736636,0.5659125,0.000005021374,0.00002570224,0.009133436,0.01350348,0.2330847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000904138,0.001999349,0.9408188,0.0003273716,0.000004076622,0.00004752,0.04467249,0.00001371034,0.0001304314,0.0002810904,0.01067581,0.0001251678],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9918711,0.00022138,0.00004630791,0.002404432,0.0002672769,0.003007021,0.0001251739,0.00005847563,0.001998846],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962736,0.000002495991,0.00001701759,0.00009924523,0.00002941537,0.002120765,0.000005258835,0.00001383704,0.001438365],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7783656,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6871528,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1401853712496651,"score_gpt":0.5329337705803566,"score_spread":0.3927483993306915,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}