{"id":"W4391896879","doi":"10.2196/56245","title":"Investigation of Deepfake Voice Detection Using Speech Pause Patterns: Algorithm Development and Validation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JMIR Biomedical Engineering","topic":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Glycemic Index Laboratories","funders":"","keywords":"Preprint; Computer science; Speech recognition; World Wide Web","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005667971,0.001647505,0.001076707,0.0009137635,0.0005407064,0.001072453,0.002141505,0.002225509,0.001805715],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01253205,0.0005107073,0.0008943438,0.0004754553,0.0006058355,0.001132756,0.001316631,0.002665888,0.0008431929],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001104623,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001925203,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008025797,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005660099,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987546,0.0004184216,0.0001311044,0.0003590107,0.0002011173,0.0001357832],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9922105,0.005612828,0.0002790533,0.0005011534,0.001209407,0.000187044],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007908648,0.000648148,0.01124637,0.0003071396,0.00027055,0.0002477399,0.0001837351,0.4803751,0.007828413,0.001529541,0.002709687,0.4938627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002398101,0.0001064591,0.0005696228,0.00001432832,0.00001477226,0.0000338888,0.00002838131,0.9959325,0.002676212,0.0003727639,0.0002203789,0.000006682532],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.4638802,0.003135037,0.5188582,0.001028427,0.0002924945,0.0006574052,0.0005506325,0.008672647,0.002924916],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8258276,0.0003591571,0.1698794,0.0003214843,0.00003597387,0.000461807,0.001407186,0.0001256262,0.001581728],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008025797,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02997547,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02409744204276851,"score_gpt":0.2441410869546239,"score_spread":0.2200436449118554,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}