{"id":"W4391945914","doi":"10.3390/app14041615","title":"Distributed Detection of Large-Scale Internet of Things Botnets Based on Graph Partitioning","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Sciences","topic":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Botnet; Computer science; Internet of Things; Computer security; Computer network; The Internet; World Wide Web","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007596846,0.00008216643,0.0001128332,0.0001976326,0.0001372108,0.0001102402,0.0004015754,0.00004969422,0.0000212109],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000150402,0.00006896615,0.00005979623,0.001350577,0.0001717133,0.0003439349,0.00007616312,0.0001178102,0.00001025905],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001622077,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003667988,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003194671,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001846542,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988609,0.00003325767,0.0002269463,0.0003291825,0.0003735397,0.000176159],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995366,0.0001236927,0.00009507362,0.0001739411,0.00003405587,0.00003665324],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001315889,0.0005268112,0.0003923673,0.0004761004,0.00004528237,0.00001095284,0.008152444,0.02603208,0.1925393,0.6013427,0.001823614,0.1685267],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009102347,0.0002046507,0.0003019408,0.00009211266,0.000004416773,0.000001827816,0.00005065537,0.7190388,0.2695608,0.009725618,0.000848241,0.0000799976],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1401888,0.00009940301,0.8563908,0.0001629097,0.000464492,0.00009451992,0.00000270492,0.0001318125,0.002464482],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965436,0.000008155874,0.003266329,0.0001342143,0.00002323521,0.00001173639,0.00000198787,0.000002709533,0.000007978865],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8563548,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2812358,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01030683906481147,"score_gpt":0.2333935274352337,"score_spread":0.2230866883704222,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}