{"id":"W4392018959","doi":"10.30574/wjarr.2024.21.2.0558","title":"3D printing in aerospace and defense: A review of technological breakthroughs and applications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews","topic":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Fields Institute for Research in Mathematical Sciences","funders":"","keywords":"Aerospace; 3D printing; Engineering; Systems engineering; Aeronautics; Engineering ethics; Computer science; Aerospace engineering; Mechanical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00258951,0.0002991137,0.001941115,0.0007889721,0.00006054924,0.00003612901,0.0002862729,0.0001546533,0.000005735184],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007064893,0.0001845765,0.0001551429,0.001047385,0.0005140132,0.0000789577,0.0003829927,0.002211272,0.0000039019],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006314295,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003875602,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":7.349584e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005065235,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978804,0.0001747457,0.001127496,0.000282376,0.0002180373,0.0003169545],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987432,0.000455962,0.0003377507,0.000284831,0.00009412158,0.00008413394],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[9.304437e-7,0.000009176781,0.000001571535,0.1546505,0.00003091426,0.00001490532,0.000005678227,4.413247e-7,0.000002351926,0.0006030323,0.0003244031,0.8443561],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005462796,0.00004133884,0.000002867668,0.2217644,0.00008602767,0.0002030743,0.00001671169,0.000001227457,0.000011539,0.0008176399,0.7768772,0.000123302],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001043514,0.9979712,0.0002129645,0.0001420164,0.00002680891,0.001034611,0.000007317828,0.00005280136,0.0005418736],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0000297066,0.9912457,0.008380047,0.000005198454,0.00004299626,0.0001363068,0.00000174838,0.00003140041,0.0001269149],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8442327,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9607,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.073959229514939,"score_gpt":0.3966840647538227,"score_spread":0.3227248352388837,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}