{"id":"W4392040891","doi":"10.3390/brainsci14030201","title":"Sex Differences in Conversion Risk from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer’s Disease: An Explainable Machine Learning Study with Random Survival Forests and SHAP","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Brain Sciences","topic":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; National Institutes of Health; Genentech; IXICO; H. Lundbeck A/S; Servier; Eisai; Northern California Institute for Research and Education; F. Hoffmann-La Roche; University of Southern California; Biogen; Eli Lilly and Company; Bristol-Myers Squibb; BioClinica; U.S. Department of Defense; Meso Scale Diagnostics; Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation; Pfizer; Alzheimer's Association","keywords":"Dementia; Sexual dimorphism; Cognition; Disease; Psychology; Demography; Random forest; Developmental psychology; Gerontology; Internal medicine; Clinical psychology; Medicine; Neuroscience; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001835897,0.0001944586,0.0003051827,0.0003349333,0.0003380302,0.000271704,0.0001358263,0.00002530128,0.0002307493],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003144497,0.0001250667,0.00003346912,0.0006293698,0.0003170616,0.0003371047,0.000138676,0.0002326954,0.00001525619],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002820714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001972462,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001791001,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001002519,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972587,0.0004979903,0.0001906472,0.0007337518,0.0009019075,0.0004169584],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984963,0.0008866414,0.00003640151,0.00009441299,0.00009255697,0.0003936774],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001905855,0.0004302655,0.9900745,0.00002501612,0.00009836919,0.0002480816,0.002986824,0.00000625007,0.00001723191,0.000006468045,0.00004368863,0.004157466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004615499,0.006074686,0.9556426,0.0003655272,0.0001790789,0.000002320783,0.02286835,0.009781324,0.0001430705,0.00009385268,0.00005880361,0.0001748708],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955559,0.001474028,0.0001758256,0.000687246,0.00007769209,0.001687324,0.00004299043,0.00005846561,0.0002404828],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991149,0.00007214105,0.00005961621,0.0001224811,0.00006358374,0.0001371231,0.00003161416,0.00001188255,0.0003865979],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03443187,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5100073,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04269351695253398,"score_gpt":0.3440964375603071,"score_spread":0.3014029206077731,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}