{"id":"W4392104520","doi":"10.1002/cey2.491","title":"Strategies to achieve effective nitrogen activation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Carbon Energy","topic":"Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; Centre québécois sur les matériaux fonctionnels; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; École de technologie supérieure; Institut national de la recherche scientifique","keywords":"Risk analysis (engineering); Business","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005192705,0.0001298818,0.000117463,0.0001009493,0.00002436344,0.00005468684,0.00006902499,0.00008274771,0.00002814468],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021044,0.000118478,0.00006943608,0.0002386811,0.00001242953,0.000108347,0.00002445998,0.00009292101,0.00001931251],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000123344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002662767,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002529541,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007006878,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993408,0.00002211407,0.000108339,0.0002353177,0.0001175503,0.0001758885],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996855,0.00007626708,0.00001278349,0.0001292026,0.00002443831,0.00007178521],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003435999,0.00001235754,0.000006235588,0.00002659127,0.00008613073,0.000005541023,0.0001860166,0.004202584,0.8874522,0.06846014,0.0001503651,0.0393774],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004683319,0.00005030583,0.00002406224,0.000059461,0.00002268581,0.000005244643,0.0001850965,0.02494091,0.9606326,0.002866021,0.01099964,0.0001671429],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9414588,0.0007841107,0.03178841,0.0003650685,0.0004899304,0.0001190499,0.000003905192,0.0005638693,0.02442681],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988436,0.00000914114,0.0001891025,0.00003818861,0.0004437201,0.0001108679,0.000008444053,0.00003665663,0.0003202858],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07318032,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4831393,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005672204797233384,"score_gpt":0.2200127674072161,"score_spread":0.2143405626099827,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}