{"id":"W4392121147","doi":"10.1093/mnras/stae496","title":"Astronomaly at scale: searching for anomalies amongst 4 million galaxies","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","topic":"Astronomy and Astrophysical Research","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics; University of Toronto","funders":"National Science Foundation, United Arab Emirates; Argonne National Laboratory; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos; University College London; Science and Technology Facilities Council; University of Edinburgh; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Higher Education Funding Council for England; Fermilab; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Physics; Galaxy; Scale (ratio); Astrophysics; Astronomy; Quantum mechanics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001025161,0.0003884455,0.000354726,0.002740256,0.0004507008,0.0007308933,0.0007329499,0.0005357172,0.0009989894],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003900602,0.0001870863,0.0003815081,0.001661685,0.0004208018,0.0009231771,0.00122912,0.0005983333,0.0005084162],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000396912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003701961,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008365005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01276207,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994918,0.000085434,0.00002619117,0.0001631629,0.0001662682,0.00006719183],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974841,0.0009541287,0.0004155675,0.0005469915,0.0002867428,0.0003124776],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000539942,0.000363867,0.813787,0.0001330832,0.0002814756,0.0005745965,0.0006098049,0.01870289,0.0212616,0.001611287,0.01695365,0.1251808],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007965518,0.0001854838,0.5944175,0.00003093373,0.00009590862,0.0006963306,0.0007710066,0.368854,0.01813224,0.005254711,0.01142512,0.00005706967],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9861756,0.0002876918,0.0070686,0.0003075933,0.00003078922,0.00002072141,0.002457701,0.002565931,0.001085367],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9756516,0.00006115786,0.01751839,0.00005925717,0.00003276805,0.00001093847,0.006243073,0.00008796507,0.0003347386],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008365005,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01663262,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009309860436866246,"score_gpt":0.2443411886870009,"score_spread":0.2350313282501347,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}