{"id":"W4392137718","doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.122826","title":"Deep geothermal doublets versus deep borehole heat exchangers: A comparative study for cold sedimentary basins","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Energy","topic":"Geothermal Energy Systems and Applications","field":"Energy","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Geological Survey of Canada; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique; Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Office of Energy Research and Development","keywords":"Borehole; Geothermal gradient; Geology; Heat exchanger; Sedimentary rock; Sedimentary basin; Geothermal heating; Geothermal energy; Structural basin; Petroleum engineering; Petrology; Geotechnical engineering; Geomorphology; Geochemistry; Engineering; Geophysics; Mechanical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004657877,0.0004099465,0.000624306,0.0007642909,0.0003572379,0.0006902385,0.0004526245,0.0004271845,0.0009970579],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000841474,0.0002059748,0.000490203,0.0008352813,0.0004921239,0.0005985301,0.0003451757,0.0002697681,0.0000812099],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001452058,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005320226,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04253242,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0584086,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998105,0.00004086421,0.00001147708,0.00003230899,0.00005684228,0.00004800694],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992931,0.0003966981,0.0000700583,0.00004869904,0.0001333548,0.00005815719],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00201552,0.0009160813,0.1317334,0.0008127897,0.0002526536,0.0007932107,0.0006132123,0.77462,0.03761587,0.001598898,0.0004532095,0.04857515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001695266,0.007051809,0.4019529,0.00006421065,0.0003107591,0.0002686118,0.002284572,0.5538416,0.03095351,0.0006687319,0.002334549,0.00009923511],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987914,0.00008453099,0.000354298,0.000008222789,0.000001252067,0.00001108649,0.00006619145,0.0000102725,0.0006727502],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991291,0.0001016294,0.0003946709,0.000002059935,0.000001228912,0.00000466275,0.00006223821,0.000003094052,0.0003013335],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04253242,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08456969,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03216224734348704,"score_gpt":0.2736821449951694,"score_spread":0.2415198976516824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}