{"id":"W4392203718","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2024.104785","title":"Synchrotron X-ray phase-contrast imaging of ultrasonic drop atomization","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Electrohydrodynamics and Fluid Dynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich; McGill University; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; European Synchrotron Radiation Facility; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Drop (telecommunication); Cavitation; Bubble; Mechanics; Materials science; Surface tension; Ultrasonic sensor; Weber number; Drop impact; Inviscid flow; Amplitude; Synchrotron; Optics; Splash; Physics; Thermodynamics; Acoustics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002374909,0.0001458082,0.0002018973,0.000401648,0.00001708313,0.00009027509,0.000287172,0.00004810205,0.00006714329],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006052998,0.00013806,0.0001823621,0.0001479274,0.0000325486,0.0003724298,0.0000130515,0.0002611129,0.000007557898],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002780478,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007126526,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000584939,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005715002,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987342,0.00001829495,0.0005791684,0.0001046743,0.000399997,0.0001636081],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993172,0.0001150145,0.0001021039,0.00008452487,0.0003120221,0.00006914894],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000093866,0.000147581,0.0002482318,0.00005068319,0.0005128636,0.0002307533,0.0002377591,0.4922819,0.4423942,0.0007216936,0.0004005377,0.0626799],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001663551,0.00005669917,0.00007627829,0.0002704185,0.00004723315,0.0002034865,0.00001483221,0.9898388,0.006701298,0.0001587141,0.0008474046,0.0001212304],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4101145,0.002119486,0.5850359,0.0001412482,0.002202357,0.00006631052,0.00008024913,0.00006086124,0.0001790974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993059,0.0005358239,0.005822768,0.00001869356,0.0004566061,0.000001900136,0.00003946714,0.00004094989,0.0000247608],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5829446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5629924,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.003647631550964035,"score_gpt":0.2437179044091002,"score_spread":0.2400702728581361,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}