{"id":"W4392221578","doi":"10.5194/tc-18-889-2024","title":"Brief communication: Recent estimates of glacier mass loss for western North America from laser altimetry","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The cryosphere","topic":"Cryospheric studies and observations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia; Geological Survey of Canada; Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Hakai Institute; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Tula Foundation","keywords":"Glacier; Digital elevation model; Altimeter; Elevation (ballistics); Physical geography; Synthetic aperture radar; Sea level rise; Period (music); Climatology; Geology; Sea level; Oceanography; Environmental science; Climate change; Geodesy; Geography; Remote sensing","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001089339,0.000158454,0.0002246083,0.00000730995,0.0002738499,0.0000981169,0.0004188363,0.00004857558,0.003713907],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002697617,0.0001093306,0.000100321,0.0004280773,0.0002018648,0.00012902,0.00003714967,0.0001336532,0.0001741636],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008276296,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005343587,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005772822,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02266267,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989822,0.00003861971,0.0002930566,0.0002478512,0.0001978184,0.0002404556],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983753,0.0008970304,0.00009358639,0.0004789437,0.00009081556,0.00006431945],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004934122,0.00002761041,0.8297064,0.00005901561,0.0002101641,0.00000447676,0.0007895957,0.004667269,0.000005379671,0.00002235191,0.01357298,0.1508854],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001401768,0.00005398431,0.4715721,0.00003691157,0.00006724142,0.000001109075,0.0003941443,0.01666182,0.00001887703,0.0007423733,0.5101812,0.0001300303],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9112209,0.06016849,0.01375601,0.006646042,0.001376007,0.001065567,0.00269842,0.0002636514,0.002804931],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9770719,0.002937356,0.01573998,0.001056981,0.0002490563,0.00002415999,0.001009674,0.00001899689,0.001891902],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4966083,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9971969,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0201032856511236,"score_gpt":0.2408715999518945,"score_spread":0.2207683143007709,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}