{"id":"W4392230760","doi":"10.22541/essoar.170914515.50698062/v1","title":"THE ROLE OF EXPROPRIATION CLAUSES IN PROTECTION AND PROMOTION OF FOREIGN INVESTMENTS IN RENEWABLE ENERGY: AN ESSENTIAL BUT OVERLOOKED LEGAL CONSIDERATION","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"International Arbitration and Investment Law","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Government of Canada","keywords":"Expropriation; Business; Renewable energy; Foreign direct investment; Obligation; Investment (military); Energy poverty; Energy security; Investment protection; International trade; Economics; Market economy; International investment; Law; Engineering; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01627269,0.0004331006,0.0006432318,0.001382244,0.004715678,0.01037994,0.002706841,0.009572872,0.003169629],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0240885,0.0006391095,0.0009404958,0.001401805,0.01598067,0.0148463,0.003240197,0.0103256,0.0007813397],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004755056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006235152,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008407394,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006073134,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9871567,0.0048969,0.000910697,0.001442713,0.004092389,0.001500582],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9793117,0.01512031,0.001487403,0.002130622,0.001666644,0.0002832284],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003228303,0.000005063889,0.000109669,0.00001332373,0.000001107032,0.0000543762,0.0004074275,0.00009542,0.00006437227,0.9961725,0.0007768436,0.002296627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004041947,0.00006927578,0.001202407,0.0007533554,0.00003746973,0.0006955359,0.001314054,0.003056791,0.002123225,0.8702915,0.1203222,0.00009372853],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.07108036,0.01235288,0.07462075,0.07052478,0.001247885,0.0002072552,0.0001685317,0.0001842259,0.7696132],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9296065,0.00477463,0.01780288,0.01234143,0.001360593,0.0002073398,0.00007604133,0.0001221735,0.03370839],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01627269,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08605927,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01700693111652064,"score_gpt":0.2285085449271008,"score_spread":0.2115016138105802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}