{"id":"W4392295736","doi":"10.46656/access.2024.5.2(6)","title":"Factors influencing carbon emissions under EKC scheme and the role of renewable energy in Gulf Cooperation Council countries","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACCESS Access to science business innovation in digital economy","topic":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Kuznets curve; Environmental degradation; Greenhouse gas; Renewable energy; Openness to experience; Ordinary least squares; Economics; Sustainability; Urbanization; Cointegration; Climate change; Natural resource economics; Econometrics; Economic growth; Engineering; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008273618,0.0002491757,0.0001341152,0.0009443819,0.0003521912,0.001072673,0.0002034733,0.0003132089,0.001380704],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002264929,0.00007397585,0.0002599482,0.001656598,0.0005043059,0.0005400872,0.0006072937,0.0004521184,0.00009834462],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001161969,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00133094,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02905619,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02633366,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996104,0.0001052312,0.00003626392,0.0000550992,0.00008951377,0.000103671],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985356,0.0003465716,0.0006287815,0.00005518371,0.0002829967,0.0001508982],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005979308,0.00002823151,0.9826534,0.00007124119,0.00005448881,0.000355927,0.0009149453,0.002323291,0.0002782842,0.002422017,0.0007059248,0.01013238],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002677903,0.00002157099,0.992845,0.00007484086,0.00002165979,0.00007111048,0.003427192,0.0008947998,0.0001410822,0.0003254416,0.002166882,0.000007641961],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962608,0.0005550509,0.00008525728,0.0004234247,0.00001083094,0.000006322893,0.0002262691,0.000002449377,0.00242953],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990207,0.0003256575,0.00008750202,0.00002456273,0.000005462684,0.000003911763,0.0002537773,0.00000119104,0.0002771394],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02905619,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05777413,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04297576799132743,"score_gpt":0.2471968005213044,"score_spread":0.204221032529977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}